How To Make Smart Car Parking System using Arduino UNO DIY Project by WTC Zone

 

This project simulates a smart car parking system for managing parking spaces efficiently. Using two IR sensors, a servo motor, and an I2C LCD display, the system tracks the availability of parking slots and automates the gate's opening and closing. The parking slot count is updated dynamically and displayed on the LCD. If all slots are occupied, the gate will not open for new cars.

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Working Principle

1. Car Entry:

   • Sensor 1 detects the car approaching the entry gate.
   • The gate opens using a servo motor.
   • The car moves past Sensor 2, which signals the system to close the gate and reduce the number of available parking slots by 1.

2. Car Exit:

   • Sensor 2 detects the car approaching the exit gate.
   • The gate opens using the servo motor.
   • The car moves past Sensor 1, which signals the system to close the gate and increase the number of available parking slots by 1.

3. Parking Full Condition:

   • If all slots are occupied, the system prevents the gate from opening for entry and displays "Parking Full" on the LCD.

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Hardware Requirements

1. Arduino UNO - 1
2. IR Sensor Modules - 2 (for entry and exit)
3. Servo Motor - 1 (for gate control)
4. I2C LCD Module (16x2) - 1
5. Power Supply (5V)
6. Jumper Wires
7. Breadboard

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Circuit Diagram

Here’s how the components are connected:

Connections:

1. IR Sensor 1 (Entry):

   • VCC → 5V
   • GND → GND
   • OUT → D2 (Arduino Pin 2)

2. IR Sensor 2 (Exit):

   • VCC → 5V
   • GND → GND
   • OUT → D3 (Arduino Pin 3)

3. Servo Motor:

   • VCC → 5V
   • GND → GND
   • Signal → D9 (Arduino Pin 9)

4. I2C LCD:

   • SDA → A4 (Arduino Pin A4)
   • SCL → A5 (Arduino Pin A5)
   • VCC → 5V
   • GND → GND

Circuit Diagram

Video Link: - Click Here For Video

How To Make Smart Car Parking System using Arduino UNO DIY Project by WTC Zone simple Circuit: -

How To Make Smart Parking System using Arduino UNO DIY Project by WTC Zone Arduino Programming: -

Arduino IDE Program

Code for Smart Car Parking System using Arduino UNO DIY Project by WTC Zone

#include <Wire.h>
#include <LiquidCrystal_I2C.h>
#include <Servo.h>
// Initialize LCD (I2C address 0x27, 16x2 display)
LiquidCrystal_I2C lcd(0x27, 16, 2);
// Define pins
#define IR_SENSOR_IN 2   // IR sensor 1 (entry)
#define IR_SENSOR_OUT 3  // IR sensor 2 (exit)
#define SERVO_PIN 9      // Servo motor pin
// Parking lot details
int totalSlots = 5;     // Total parking slots
int availableSlots = 5; // Slots initially available
// Servo object
Servo gate;
// State tracking
bool gateOpen = false; // Tracks if the gate is open
unsigned long debounceDelay = 2000; // Debounce time (ms)
unsigned long lastSensorTrigger = 0;
bool sensor1State = false; // Track Sensor 1 state
bool sensor2State = false; // Track Sensor 2 state
void setup() {
  // Initialize LCD
  lcd.init();
  lcd.backlight();
  lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
  lcd.print("Parking System");
  delay(2000);
  // Setup pins
  pinMode(IR_SENSOR_IN, INPUT);
  pinMode(IR_SENSOR_OUT, INPUT);
  gate.attach(SERVO_PIN);
  // Initialize servo to closed position
  closeGate();
  // Display initial parking slots
  updateDisplay();
}
void loop() {
  // Read the state of the sensors with debouncing
  bool sensor1 = digitalRead(IR_SENSOR_IN) == LOW;
  bool sensor2 = digitalRead(IR_SENSOR_OUT) == LOW;
  // If Sensor 1 (entry) detects car and debounce delay is passed
  if (sensor1 && !sensor1State && (millis() - lastSensorTrigger > debounceDelay)) {
    if (availableSlots > 0) { // Check if parking slots are available
      openGate();         // Open the gate
      lastSensorTrigger = millis(); // Reset debounce timer
      sensor1State = true; // Set sensor1 state to true (car detected)
      // Wait until the car reaches Sensor 2
      while (digitalRead(IR_SENSOR_OUT) == HIGH) {
        delay(10); // Keep the gate open while waiting for Sensor 2
      }
      // Once Sensor 2 detects the car, update count and close the gate
      availableSlots--; // Decrease available slots
      updateDisplay();
      closeGate();
    } else {
      lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
      lcd.print("Parking Full   "); // Show parking full message
    }
  }
  // If Sensor 1 state was true and it no longer detects the car
  if (!sensor1 && sensor1State) {
    sensor1State = false; // Reset sensor1 state when the car has passed
  }
  // Detect car exiting (Sensor 2 → Sensor 1)
  if (sensor2 && !sensor2State && (millis() - lastSensorTrigger > debounceDelay)) {
    openGate();         // Open the gate
    lastSensorTrigger = millis(); // Reset debounce timer
    sensor2State = true; // Set sensor2 state to true (car detected)
    // Wait until the car reaches Sensor 1
    while (digitalRead(IR_SENSOR_IN) == HIGH) {
      delay(10); // Keep the gate open while waiting for Sensor 1
    }
    // Once Sensor 1 detects the car, update count and close the gate
    if (availableSlots < totalSlots) {
      availableSlots++; // Increase available slots
      updateDisplay();
    }
    closeGate();
  }
  // If Sensor 2 state was true and it no longer detects the car
  if (!sensor2 && sensor2State) {
    sensor2State = false; // Reset sensor2 state when the car has passed
  }
}
// Function to update the LCD display
void updateDisplay() {
  lcd.clear();
  lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
  lcd.print("Slots Left:");
  lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
  lcd.print(availableSlots);
  lcd.print("/");
  lcd.print(totalSlots);
  // Display "Parking Full" if no slots are available
  if (availableSlots == 0) {
    lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
    lcd.print("Parking Full   ");
  }
}
// Function to open the gate
void openGate() {
  gate.write(0);   // Open position
  gateOpen = true; // Mark gate as open
}
// Function to close the gate
void closeGate() {
  gate.write(90);   // Closed position
  gateOpen = false; // Mark gate as closed
}

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How to Test

1. Simulate Entry:

   • Block Sensor 1 to simulate a car entering.
   • Verify the gate opens.
   • Block Sensor 2 to simulate the car passing the second sensor. The slot count should decrease, and the gate should close.

2. Simulate Exit:

   • Block Sensor 2 to simulate a car exiting.
   • Verify the gate opens.
   • Block Sensor 1 to simulate the car passing the first sensor. The slot count should increase, and the gate should close.

3. Parking Full Condition:

   • Allow the slots to fill up (availableSlots == 0).
   • Block Sensor 1 and verify the gate does not open, and the LCD displays "Parking Full".

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Future Enhancements

1. Add RFID for Authentication:

   • Only authorized vehicles can enter or exit by scanning an RFID tag.

2. Integrate IoT for Remote Monitoring:

   • Use ESP8266 or ESP32 to send real-time parking data to a mobile app or cloud platform.

3. Display Occupancy on Web or Mobile App:

   • Show real-time parking availability on a web page or mobile app.

4. Add a Buzzer:

   • Sound an alert when the parking lot is full.

5. Implement Automatic Billing:

   • Calculate parking duration and bill users accordingly using a timer and display the amount on the LCD or app.

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Let me know if you need further help with the implementation or enhancements! 😊

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